Processes engineering of cellulosic pulps - 4FMT1050

Goal(s)

Learning outcomes :

• To propose a well-argued choice of cellulose production process according to its use, oriented towards sustainable development
• To understand the chemistry and technology of kraft and bisulphite processes for chemical pulp production, based on the chemistry of plant biomass constituents, the main mechanisms of organic chemistry and the chemical structure of wood constituents
• To know the processes of production of cellulosic fibres by mechanical processes

• To know and understand the evolution of virgin lignocellulosic pulp production, lignin degradation during the Kraft process - the different phases of delignification - Factor H, hemicellulose and cellulose degradation during the Kraft process, and kinetic aspects
• To know the technologies of batch and continuous cooking
• To know the levers for improving the Kraft process: increase in fibre yield, improvement in fibre quality, modified firing (MCC, EMCC, ITC, lo-solid, compact...), regeneration of kraft firing reagents
• To know the soda, anthraquinone, evaporation-combustion-regeneration process
• To understand the degradation of lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses in bisulfite processes
• To know bisulfite process technology

Content(s)

Describe the chemistry and technology of kraft and sulphite pulping of lignocellulosic substrates as well as recent developments in the manufacture of chemical and mechanical pulps

Evolution of the pulp production worldwide
Degradation of lignin in the Kraft process - the different phases of delignification - H Factor
Degradation of cellulose and hemicelluloses in the Kraft process. Kinetic aspects.
batch and continuous cooking technologies .
Kraft process improvement: increased fiber yield - Improved fiber quality - modified cooking (RDH, Superbatch, MCC, EMCC, ITC, lo-solid, compact ...)
Influence of wood species and size of chips on the quality of pulp.
Composition of the different liquors in the Kraft process.
Titration of kraft liquors (active alkali, effective alkali, residual alkali after cooking sulphidity.
Soda - anthraquinone pulping process
Washing technology - efficiency of washing
Evaporation-combustion-recovery of chemicals - simplified material and thermal balances
Degradation of lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses in the sulphite process
Sulphite process technology
Main mechanical pulping processes - evolution (APMP, Thermopulp, RTS)
Bleaching of mechanical pulps. Brightness stability

Targeted skills: developing solutions and innovation; managing a process or system; acting for sustainable development

Basic chemistry of vegetal biomass components

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